Transformer (Trafo)

A transformer is a voltage converter that converts the current, for example, fromAlternating current onDirect current or changes theTension, for example, 230Volt to 24 volts. Especially for the last example, transformers are used in theLighting frequently used, since they allow for theMains voltage from 230 volts (primary side) can be converted to low voltage of 6, 12, or 24 volts (secondary side). A transformer is essential when a light fixture such asLow voltage Halogen bulbs require a lower voltage than the 230 volts coming from the outlet, or, for example, LEDs require direct current rather than the alternating current from the power grid.

There are different types of transformers. One of them is the power transformer, which operates on the principle of induction and involves winding a wire around an iron core. This conventional transformer technology uses different windings on the so-called primary and secondary sides, and toroidal transformers are often used. The biggest disadvantage of this type of transformer is its size, since it requires a large iron core, especially for high-power transmission. In addition, due to technical limitations, a slight humming noise is always audible in such a wound-core transformer.

In addition, there is an electronic transformer, which is considerably more compact and energy-efficient. The built-in electronics operate at a higher frequency, allowing for more efficient voltage conversion.

Another type of transformer is theLED Driver, which are specifically designed for LED lamps. The reason there is a separate transformer just for LEDs is their sensitivity to voltage spikes and irregularities in the power supply. These can drastically shorten the lifespan of LEDs powered by direct current.