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Optical Radiation

The term “optical radiation” encompasses ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation. UV radiation has the shortest wavelengths, ranging from 100 nm to 400 nm, and is the highest-energy component of optical radiation. Visible light, which is visible to the human eye, ranges from 400 nm to 780 nm, while infrared radiation encompasses the longer wavelengths from 780 nm to 1 mm. It is also referred to as thermal radiation. Optical radiation is not only emitted naturally by the sun but is also emitted by artificial light sources. In both cases, excessive exposure can be harmful to both our eyes and our skin. This is evident, for example, from sunburn resulting from prolonged direct exposure to sunlight, or from the fact that we normally do not look directly into light sources because it feels uncomfortable. As for the natural source of optical radiation—the sun—it emits the full spectrum of radiation, whereas lamps can be limited to specific ranges, allowing dangerous UV radiation, for example, to be filtered out.

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